Looms



1955 F. DE s. IZQUIERDO 2,722,950

LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 27, 1950 07/51/7 6 avid/do v- 14 a$4/rmi /2@ (M97 N v- 1955 F. DE s. IZQUIERDO 2,722,950

LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 27, 1950 Patented Nov. 8, liif ii-LooMs Federico de los" Santos Izquierdo, Mexico City, Mexico ApplicationDecember 27, 1950, Serial No, 202,934

, 2 Claims. (Cl. 139-190) This invention relates to looms, and moreparticularly to: ar-loomsuitable for the manufacture of tightly wovenfabrics such as velvets, velvetl ike cloths, carpets, and the like.-

Specifically in a loom in accordance with the invention, the batten orslay, which, preferably comprises the loom reedi referred to in myPatent No. 2,603,242, is operated by a linkage and lever system and adisc supported crankpin, thereby eliminating the crankshaft system, andattendant disadvantages used in most of the looms, the shuttle drivingmechanism comprises a cylinder with a. pair of. cams which operate apair of picker sticks tensioned by springs for driving the picker stickswhich in turn drive the shuttles. The mechanism for securing the uniformtension of. the warp, comprises a plurality of. warp beams containingthe warp threads, tension rollers, and sand and cloth rollers.-

The novel features that are considered characteristic of i the inventionare set forth with particularity in the appended. claims. The inventionitself, however, both as to its organization and its: method ofoperation, together with additional. objects and advantages thereof,will best. be understood from the following description of a specificembodiment when read in connection with the accom panying drawings,wherein like reference characters indicate like parts. through theseveral figures and in which:

Figure l is a side view in elevation of a Ioom in accordance with thepresent invention; and

Figure 2 is a. rear view in elevation of the loom shown:

in Figure 1 with some parts omitted for clarity of illustration.

Referring specifically to the accompanying drawings, a loom inaccordance withthe present invention. comprises two. side framesconnected by an upper crosspieee 11 the frames 10 each having a verticalstringer 12. The slay of the present invention comprises a reed 13,preferably of the type disclosed in my aforementioned Patent No.2,603,242;

The reed 13 is supported by and extends between a pair of arms 14 whichare pivoted at their lower ends to the frames 10'respectively and areconnected at their upper ends by a cross-bar 15 to provide a. unitaryinverted U-shaped structure. Guide members 16 and 17 are arranged at therespective ends of the reed 13 and form a continuation of the rails ofthe reed for the travel of the. shuttles (not shown). The guide members16 and 17 carrypickers 18 and 19', respectively, for driving theshuttles.

The slay is driven by a mechanism including a linkage and lever systemwhich in turn is driven by a crankpin on a disc. This mechanism includesa link 20 connected at one end to the reed 13 and at the other end toone end of a link 21, the other end of which is connected to the frame10 by a pivot 26. Preferably, the pivot 26 is on substantially the samelevel as the pivotal connection between the link 20 and reed 13. One endof a link 22 is connected with the links 20 and 21, preferably theconnection being jointly with the connection between said links 20 and21. The other end of the link 22 is connected to a lever 23 at a pointintermediate the ends of said lever. One end of said lever 23 is mountedon the frame 10 by a pivot 28 and at its other end said lever isprovided with a longitudinal slot 27. I

A crank disc 24' carries a crankpin 25 which rides in the slot 27. Bythe use of the pin 25 on the disc 24, the

orbit of the pin can be readily adjusted to vary the stroke of thelever. The arrangement of the pin 25 and the links and lever is suchthat the links 2% and 21 pass through center, or into alignment, andbeyond the center, once in: each direction, twice for eachrevolution ofthe pin 25.- The foregoing linkage, lever and crank are duplicated oneach side of the machine and the two crank discs 24 are fixed on a shaft45 extending. between and jonrnalledon the side frames 10, said shaftbeing provided with adrive pulley 3'7. This arrangement enablesvariation ofthe length of slay travel by merely changing the position ofthe crankpin. The beating up of the weft is stronger due to the specialarrangement of the driving means, and there is a double beating up foreach revolution of the drive shaft. This double beating up of the weftrequires less energy, while at the same time, the interval of time forthe passage of the shuttle is longer than the intervala-ifordedby thesystems previously in use, whereby the weft becomes more uniform andcompact.

The shuttle driving mechanism also is driven from the shaft 36 and thismechanism comprises a cam drum 29 carrying a pair of cams 30. Preferablythe slay driving gear 43- is carried by the drum 29 between the cams 3i!and the drum is midway between the frames 10 so that the mechanism issymmetrical, but it need not be so ar ranged.- A pair of earn followerlevers 31 are mounted on pivots 39 carried by a bracket 49' and disposedin alignment with the drum 2). At one end the levers 31 carry camfollowers 38 for respective cooperation with the cams 30 and at theother end the-levers 31 are respectively connected by links 41 with thelower ends 42 of a pair of picker sticks 32 respectively.

The picker sticks 32 are in the form of levers which are pivotallymounted intermediate their ends, but closer to their lower ends 42-. Thepicker sticks are respectively mounted on arms 14 on each side of themachine and are connected at their upper ends with the pickers 18 and 19respectively. Immediately below the guides 16 and 17, the picker sticks32 are connected to springs 33 by links 34 and clamps 35. Thus, thepicker sticks are biased toward the reed and pull on the links 41 whichpull on the cam levers 31 and urge the cam followers 38" into engagementwith the cams 30.

The profiles ofthe earns 30 are such that during one half rotation orturn of the cylinder 29 a picker stick reaches the outer end of. itsstroke and tensions its spring 33; During the second half turn of thecylinder 29, the position of the picker stick 32 does not change untilthe end of the travel, at which point the cam 30 causes the picker stickto advance its position a little in the opposite direction inand exactlyat the end of the half turn the travel of the cam follower 38 issuddenly changed at a'rigllt angle, permitting the spring 33 to retractthe picker stick to the inner end of its stroke, thus driving thepickers and effecting the driving of the shuttles. two earns 30 on thedrum 29 are offset 1 so that the picker sticks 32- are drivenalternately. The gear 43 drivesthe gear 4 at a rate of 2 to 1 sothat theeccentrics 24" rotate once f'orthe driving of each picker stick.

This driving mechanism enables a constant drive with out suddenincreases in energy or power; the driving of the shuttle or shuttles isindependent of the speed of the loom since the driving speed depends onthe strength of the springs; the driving of the shuttle can becontrolled at will; the driving of the shuttle or shuttles is Theeffected without impact since the respective picker is in contacttherewith throughout the operation; the driving is effected silentlysince there is no impact between picker and shuttle, and finally, aconsiderable reduction in wear on the shuttles is effected.

The mechanism for obtaining uniform tension of the warp consists of aplurality of warp beams 46, 47, and 48, containing the warp, tensionrollers 49, 50 and 51 and the sand and cloth rollers 52 and 53. The warpbeams, preferably are of the same size, dimensions, for instance, being100 mm. inner diameter by 400 to 600 mm. outer diameter, while thecommon width is 200 mm. Each series of warp beams is mounted on a commonshaft; thus, for instance, the series of warp beams 48 turns on theshaft 54, the warp beams 46 on the shaft 55, and the warp beams 47 onthe shaft 56. The shafts 54, 55, and 56 are mounted on the frames byopen journals 57. Thus each warp beam of each series turns independentlyand all the respective series forms the width of the warp and the threadof all the warp beams passes above the corresponding tension roller ofthe series adopting the position of the warp proper.

The tension rollers 49, 50 and 51 are covered with sand paper or emeryfor thick treads, or simply with leather, rubber, or the like, for fineand delicate threads. For the latter threads, pressure roller 58 isrequired for pressing them down on the tension roller 51. The tensionrollers may be provided with means to control the tension of the warp.As the pressure of the tension rollers on the threads is uniform, thetension of the warp is also uniform independently of the amount ofthread on the warp beams. The tension roller 49 is connected with thesand roller 52 which has the same diameter, by means of a chain 59 thatdrives both rollers. The tension roller 49 and the sand roller 52 areprovided with one-way brakes, or pawl and ratchet devices, to preventvariation of tension of the warp.

The movement of the rollers and warp is effected as follows: at eachbeat-up of the weft thread by the reel, the latter pushes the cloth thatis being formed and, consequently pulls the threads of the warp; thesethreads act on the tension roller 49 and cause it to effect a slightadvancing motion. As this tension roller 49 is connected with the sandroller 52 by the chain 59, it causes the sand roller 52 to effect thesame movement in turn and be retained by its brake. The last thread ofthe weft will be precisely in the farthermost position taken by the reedat its former beating-up and it is evident that a new weft insertionwill cause the thread of the warp to advance again toward the tensionroller. If, for some reason, the shuttle does not leave a weft thread,the rollers will not advance and therefore the fabric will not advance.

This system or mechanism has the advantages that the preparation of thewarp is considerably reduced since it is confined only to fill the warpbeams; the different amount of thread contained in each warp beam andthe different tension of the threads therebetween are independent of theoperation thereof, since it is the tension roller with its brake thatfixes an equal tension for all threads; warps can be prepared withthreads having a different number or diameter since they pass the rolleran equal length, and they can pass together without the need of makingseveral warps; it allows for the practical and ready attainment of auniform warp tension throughout the fabric, this being a problem thesolution of which was heretofore considered impossible and finally thefabric, aside from other advantages such as uniformity and a greateroutput and the like, is free of the defects produced by variation intension and undue insertion of the weft.

Although a certain specific embodiment of the invention has been shownand described, it is obvious that many modifications thereof arepossible. The invention therefore, is not to be restricted except in sofar as is necessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of theappended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I consider as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A loom comprising a frame, a reed forming a guide for at least oneshuttle, means for driving said reed fo beating-up the weft andincluding a first link connected. at one end to said reed, a second linkconnected at one end to the other end of said first link, said secondlink being pivotally mounted on said frame on a level substantiallycoincident with the level of the connection between said first link andsaid reed, a third link connected at one end jointly with the connectedends of said first and second links, a lever pivotally mounted at oneend on said frame and pivotally connected intermediate its length to theother end of said third link, said lever having a longitudinal slot inits free end portion, a crank member journalled on said frame, a crankpin on said crank member and slidable in said slot, the diameter of thepath of said crank pin being in relation to the lengths of said leverand links to move said first and second links beyond each side ofalignment, whereby said reed is driven to beat-up the weft twice foreach revolution of said crank pin, and shuttle driving mechanismincluding a picker stick movably mounted on each side of said frame,means for actuating said picker sticks alternately, and drive meansconnected with said crank member and said actuating means and operativeto drive said crank member one revolution for the actuation of eachpicker stick.

2. A loom comprising a frame, a reed forming a guide for at least oneshuttle, means for driving said reed for beating-up the weft andincluding a first link connected at one end to said reed, a second linkconnected at one end to the other end of said first link, said secondlink being pivotally mounted on said frame on a level substantiallycoincident with the level of the connection between said first link andsaid reed, a third link connected at one end jointly with the connectedends of said first and second links, a lever pivotally mounted at oneend on said frame and pivotally connected intermediate its length to theother end of said third link, said lever having a longitudinal slot inits free end portion, a crank member journalled on said frame, and acrank pin on said crank member and slidable in said slot, the diameterof the path of said crank pin being in relation to the lengths of saidlever and links to move said first and second links beyond each side ofalignment, whereby said reed is driven to beat-up the weft twice foreach revolution of said crank pin.

. References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS9,024 Goulding Jan. 15, 1852 121,161 Davis Nov. 21, 1871 177,920 BigelowMay 30, 1876 239,936 Collins Apr. 12, 1881 288,468 McMurray Nov. 13,1883 324,287 Adam Aug. 11, 1885 365,420 Widmer June 28, 1887 384,622Hamblin June 19, 1888 386,506 Thomas et al July 24, 1888 780,737 StadlerJan. 24, 1905 972,835 Eilhauer Oct. 18, 1910 1,797,473 Klahre Mar. 24,1931 FOREIGN PATENTS 112,592 Switzerland Nov. 2, 1925

